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   Kris- och katastrofhantering

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   -behoven och CDM-bristerna.

Crisis management in the recent COVID-19 pandemics has been impeded by lack of coherence between decision making in different agencies and at different levels.

Hanteringsåtgärder och insättandet av resurser för att hindra bränder baseras på var och hur bränderna uppstår. Att känna till vad det är som gör ett område särskilt benäget för bränder eller inte är viktigt, inte bara för att bevara dess värden och resurser, men också för att förhindra att framtida hanteringsåtgärder, i synnerhet i områden där bränder ackumuleras, inte leder till ökad sårbarhet för skogsbränder.

Brister vad beträffar resursstyrning (mänskliga resurser, maskinvara osv.) under långsiktiga krishanteringsinsatsermed flera berörda aktörer involverade.

Förmågan att övervaka de fysiologiska tecknen hosblåljusaktörer

Begränsningar i möjligheterna att i realtid slå samman och syntetisera spridda datakällor och datamodeller (historiska händelser, spridningsmodeller, taktisk situation, karta över kritiska stödresurser, osv.) till stöd för räddningsledarens beslutsfattande.

Recent COVID-19 crisis has demonstrated that EU states have so far failed to endorse a solid pandemics/epidemics communication methodology, develop clear guidelines and enforce use of these guidelines in crisis situations.

As a result, the communication was often haphazard, with different organizations and authorities occasionally disagreeing in their assessments of the situation and recommendations. 

Contact tracing (also known as partner notification) is a primary means of controlling infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Contact tracing has also played an important role in controlling the COVID-19 spread. Backtracing is similar to contact tracing, but concentrates on tracing back the movements of infected persons. Similar functionality may be required in other types of crisis, e.g. 

The evaluator has to gather a lot of information, later analyse it and produce (first impression) reports, which is a difficult task that could be made easier by using modern tools such as applications on a phone or a tablet.

The evaluation of an EU-funded civil protection exercise is not limited to the evaluation of the exercise itself but regularly also to the entire project cycle. This includes the formative evaluation of the phases of exercise planning and exercise preparation in order to be able to identify fields of improvement already in an early phase of the project.

For proper evaluation on has to understand what is going on and be able to follow the process (and changes of the processes) -> e.g. critical points in pathways (why is this and this – not – happening > because something was being brought into perspective)

Sometimes evaluators are perceived as a kind of an "enemy" (might be a strogn word), as they are looking on what participants are doing = stressfull, feeling of being controlled, being observed. It needs to be understood, that the role is not to judge/classify the participants, but to contribute to the improvement.

It is a lot about transparency! If it is clear: methodology to evaluate the teams. It cannot be assumed that every team understands the methodology. If there is a common way to evaluate exercises, it becomes more clear. A kind of standard-evaluation.